Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Empat Varietas Jagung Semi (Baby Corn) Pada Berbagai Populasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30737/agrinika.v5i1.1557Keywords:
baby corn, corn, plant density, planting spacing, varietyAbstract
Corn is native to the tropics and an important food ingredient because it is the third source of carbohydrates in the world after wheat and rice. Apart from being a food commodity, corn can also be categorized as a vegetable when it is harvested before pollination occurs or has not yet produced seeds, commonly called baby corn. Baby corn is a very profitable alternative for farmers due to short harvest time, high demand, and high nutrition. A research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kadiri University, Kediri. The environmental design used was factorial randomized block design (RBD). The total treatment was 16 treatment combinations which were repeated three times so that there were 48 experimental units. The treatment in the experiment was a combination of two factors, namely the corn cultivar factor which consisted of four levels and the corn population factor which also consisted of four levels. The CPI-2 variety was highly suitable for narrow spacing with high plant density. The CPI2 variety was able to show the highest yield on weight parameters with and without husks compared to other varieties. This was able to increase productivity per unit area of land.
Jagung merupakan tanaman asli daerah tropika, jagung termasuk sumber karbohidrat ketiga setelah gandum dan beras yang menjadikannya komoditas pangan penting. Selain sebagai komoditi pangan, jagung juga dapat dikategorikan sebagai sayuran ketika di panen sebelum terjadi penyerbukan atau belum menghasilkan biji, biasa disebut jagung semi (Baby corn). Jagung semi menjadi alternatif yang sangat menguntungkan bagi petani karena waktu panennya sangat singkat, permintaan tinggi, dan gizi yang tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan percobaan milik Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Kadiri, Kediri. Penelitiaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial. Perlakuan pada percobaan adalah kombinasi dua faktor, yaitu faktor kultivar jagung semi yang terdiri atas empat taraf dan faktor populasi tanaman yang juga terdiri atas empat taraf. Total perlakuan terdiri dari 16 kombinasi perlakuan dengan ulangan sebanyak tiga kali sehingga didapat 48 satuan percobaan. Varietas CPI-2 sangat cocok dengan jarak tanam rapat dan kerapatan tanaman yang tinggi. Varietas CPI-2 mampu menunjukkan hasil tertinggi pada parameter bobot tongkol berkelobot maupun tanpa kelobot dibanding varietas lainnya. Hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan produktivitas per satuan luas lahan.Â
References
Adisarwanto, T., & Widyastuti, Y. (2002). Meningkatkan produksi jagung. Penebar Swadaya.
Amin, A. W. B., Kuswanto, & Soegianto, A. (2013). Respon Lima Varietas Jagung ( Zea mays L.) Pada Aplikasi Pyraclostrobin. JURNAL PRODUKSI TANAMAN, 1(1), 80–86.
Araujo, Francielle, de M. F. ., Silva, F. C. D., Ildeu, de O. A. J., Bruno, R. A. R., & Mota, W. F. da; (2017). Growth and yield of baby corn as influenced by nitrogen topdressing. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 12(12), 963–969. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2016.11931
Chamroy, T., Kale, V. S., Nagre, P. K., Dod, V. N., Wanjari, S. S., & Jahagirdar, S. W. (2017). Growth and Yield Response of Baby Corn ( Zea mays L .) To Sowing Time and Crop Geometry. Chemical Science Review and Letters (Chem Sci Rev Lett), 6(22), 978–981.
Erawati, B. T. R., & Hipi, A. (2010). Adaptasi Beberapa Varietas Jagung Hibrida di Lahan Sawah. Prosiding Pekan Serealia Nasional, 122–131.
Farda, F. T., Wijaya, A. K., Liman, L., Muhtarudin, M., Putri, D., & Hasanah, M. (2020). Pengaruh Varietas Dan Jarak Tanam Yang Berbeda Terhadap Kandungan Nutrien Hijauan Jagung. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 8(2), 83. https://doi.org/10.23960/jipt.v8i2.p83-90
Golada, S., Sharma, G., & Jain, H. (2013). Performance of baby corn (Zea mays L.) as influenced by spacing, nitrogen fertilization and plant growth regulators under sub-humid condition in Rajasthan. India. Afr. J. Agric. Res, 8(12).
Joshi, G., Pal, M. S., & Chilwal, A. (2018). Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Baby Corn (Zea mays L.). International Journal of Bio-Resource and Stress Management, 9(6), 762–768. https://doi.org/10.23910/ijbsm/2018.9.6.1933
Kaiser, C., & Ernst, M. (2017). Baby corn. In Center for Crop Diversification. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315116204-68
Kementan. (2012). Aneka Olahan Jagung. In Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian (1st ed.). IAARD Press.
Kumar, R., Kumawat, N., Singh, A. K., Kumar, S., & Bohra, J. S. (2017). Effect of NPKS and Zn Fertilization on, Growth, Yield and Quality of Baby Corn-A Review. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(3), 1392–1428. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.161
Mungara, E., Indradewa, D., & Rogomulyo, R. (2013). Analisis Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.) Pada Sistem Pertanian Konvensional, Transisi Organik, Dan Organik. Vegetalika, 2(3), 1–12.
Nuraeni, Hatidjah, & Minarsih. (2016). Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Baby Corn Pada Perlakuan Jarak Tanam Dan Pupuk Organik. J. Agrotan, 2(1), 98–107.
Santos, R. F. dos, Inoue, T. T., Scapim, C. A., Clovis, L. R., Moterla, L., & Saraiva, F. C. S. (2014). Produtividade do minimilho em função das adubações nitrogenada e potássica. Revista Ceres, 61(1), 121–129.
Silva, P. S. L., Araújo Júnior, B. B., Oliveira, V. R., Pontes, F. S., & Oliveira, O. F. (2013). Effects of nitrogen application on corn yield after harvesting the apical ear as baby corn. Horticultura Brasileira, 31(3), 419–425. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362013000300012
Surtinah. (2018). Korelasi Fenotype Dan Hasil Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata, Sturt) Di Kecamatan Rumbai Pekanbaru. Jurnal Ilmiah PErtanian, 15(1), 7–12.
Surtinah. (2019). Production Potential Baby Corn (Zea mays, L) from Some Variety in Bengkalis Riau. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/536/1/012064
Wahyudin, A., Yuwariah, Y. Y., Wicaksono, F. Y., & Bajri, R. A. G. (2018). Respons jagung (Zea mays l.) Akibat Jarak Tanam Pada Sistem Tanam Legowo (2:1) Dan Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen Pada Tanah Inceptisol Jatinangor. Kultivasi, 16(3), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v16i3.14390
Widyaningrum, I., Nugroho, A., & Heddy, Y. B. S. (2018). Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Varietas terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 6(8), 1796–1802.
Winarti, E., Sarjiman, N., & Cahyaningrum, N. (2016). Identifikasi, Produksi, dan Potensi Kerandang sebagai Sumber Pangan dan Pakan Alternatif. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 17(2), 122. https://doi.org/10.21082/blpn.v17n2.2011.p122-128
Yudiwanti, Y., Sepriliyana, W., & Budiarti, S. (2010). Potensi Beberapa Varietas Jagung Untuk Dikembangkan Sebagai Varietas Jagung Semi. Jurnal Hortikultura, 20(2), 85392. https://doi.org/10.21082/jhort.v20n2.2010.p
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Permitted third-party reuse is defined by the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). This permission allows users to copy and distribute the Article, provided this is not done for commercial purposes and further does not permit distribution of the Article if it is changed or edited in any way, and provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, and that the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- For open-access publishing, this journal uses an exclusive licensing agreement. Authors will retain copyright but license exclusive rights in their article to Kadiri University. Authors have the right to share their articles in the same ways permitted to third parties under the relevant user license, as well as certain scholarly usage rights.
