PERBANDINGAN REFORMASI MANAJEMEN PUBLIK INDONESIA DAN PERANCIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30737/mediasosian.v5i2.2075Abstract
Abstrak
Kajian perbandingan administrasi publik telah berkembang sejalan dengan perkembangan ilmu administrasi publik. Tujuan paper ini adalah mengetahui reformasi manajemen publik di Indonesia dikomparasikan dengan Prancis. Komparasi ini tidak mendudukkan Indonesia vis a vis dengan Prancis, namun untuk menemukan lesson learned untuk membangun Indonesia menjadi lebih baik. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka. reformasi manajemen publik di Indonesia mempertahankan banyak fitur inti dari negara neopatrimonial yang fundamental, di mana elit politik dan ekonomi yang berkuasa melakukan kontrol ketika beroperasi dalam administrasi publik Weberian. Model reformasi negara Prancis sebagaimana negara-negara eropa kontinental berdasarkan modernisasi (Bouckaert, Pollitt, 2000). Pada negara Prancis, menganggap administrasi negara sebagai domain otonom terpisah dari masyarakat sipil '(Clark, 1998, hal. 100) dan diatur oleh aturan hukum. Berdasarkan studi komparasi reformasi manajemen publik di Indonesia dan Prancis lesson learned yang dapat penulis sampaikan adalah: a) Pelaksanaan Reformasi pada suatu negara harus memperhatikan aspek proses sosial-ekonomi, sistem politik, kebijakan elit berkuasa, dan sistem administrasi; b) Reformasi pada negara maju maupun negara berkembang cenderung mengarah pada penciptaan good government dengan mengadopsi prinsip-prinsip NPM pada tata pemerintahan; c) Dorongan reformasi untuk membangun good government dengan menerapkan NPM melalui paket-paket reformasi harus dibaca ulang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik sosial, budaya, politik dan kondisi masyarakat suatu negara.
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Kata kunci: perbandingan reformasi, manajemen publik.
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Abstract
Comparative studies of public administration have developed in line with the development of public administration science. The purpose of this paper is to find out public management reform in Indonesia compared to France. This comparison does not place Indonesia vis a vis with France, but to find lessons learned to build a better Indonesia. The method used is literature study. Indonesia's public management reforms retain many of the core features of a fundamentally neopatrimonial state, over which the ruling political and economic elite exercise control while operating within the Weberian public administration. The French state reform model as continental European countries is based on modernization (Bouckaert, Pollitt, 2000). The French state considers state administration as an autonomous domain separate from civil society' (Clark, 1998, p. 100) and governed by the rule of law. Based on a comparative study of public management reform in Indonesia and France, the lessons learned that the author can convey are: a) The implementation of reform in a country must pay attention to aspects of socio-economic processes, political systems, policies of the ruling elite, and administrative systems; b) Reforms in both developed and developing countries tend to lead to the creation of good government by adopting the principles of NPM in governance; c) The impetus for reform to build good government by implementing NPM through reform packages must be re-read in accordance with the social, cultural, political and social characteristics of a country.
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Keywords: comparative reform, public management
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