Studi Eksplorasi Agroklimat Tanaman Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora) Kabupaten Tanggamus, Lampung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30737/agrinika.v5i1.1523Keywords:
agro-climate, climate, coffee, suitabilityAbstract
Coffee is one of the important commodities in Indonesia. The coffee commodity has strategic potential in the development of the community's economy. Over time coffee production in Indonesia has decreased, the average productivity of coffee in Indonesia is only around 600 kg/ha, while the potential for coffee production per hectare can reach 1000 kg/ha. One of the largest coffee-producing regions is Tanggamus Regency in Lampung. This region’s climate plays an essential part in plant production, even more than soil in determining plant growth and development. Climate elements such as air temperature, solar radiation, and humidity support and play an important role in crop production. Meanwhile physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil are directly related to plant productivity. This research was conducted in 2 sub-districts, namely Sumberejo and Ulubelu Districts from July to October 2020. Based on the results of observations and analysis, it was found that the agro-climatic suitability of some of the Sumberejo and Ulubelu areas was included in the S1 conformity class category, but there is one limiting factor, namely slope. Efforts to modify the environment based on the value of the suitability class are needed. It is recommended to make a terrace to handle the limiting factors.
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Kopi adalah salah satu komoditas penting yang ada di Indonesia. Komoditas kopi memiliki potensi strategis dalam perkembangan perekonomian masyarakat. Seiring waktu produksi kopi di Indonesia semakin menurun, produktivitas rata-rata kopi di Indonesia hanya berkisar 600 kg/ha, sedangkan potensi produksi kopi tiap hektar bisa mencapai 1000 kg/ha. Salah satu daerah atau kabupaten penghasil kopi terbesar di Lampung adalah Kabupaten Tanggamus. Kabupaten Tanggamus memiliki luas lahan perkebunan kopi sebesar 41.512 ha dengan produksi total sebesar 33.482 ton Salah satu pengaruh lingkungan yang paling esensial adalah iklim. Iklim tidak hanya mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman, tetapi iklim juga dipengaruhi oleh tanaman. Iklim dapat menjadi faktor yang lebih penting dari pada tanah dalam menentukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Unsur-unsur iklim seperti suhu udara, radiasi matahari, dan kelembaban mendukung dan berperanan penting secara langsung dalam kegiatan budidaya tanaman. Iklim juga mempengaruhi sifat fisik, kimia, dan biologi tanah secara tidak langsung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua Kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Sumberejo dan Ulubelu pada bulan Juli-Oktober 2020. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan analisis yang telah didapatkan bahwa kesesuaian agroklimat sebagian kawasan Sumberejo dan Ulubelu masuk kategori kelas kesesuaian S1 atau sesuai namun terdapat satu unsur faktor pembatas yaitu kelerengan. Upaya modifikasi lingkungan berdasarkan nilai kelas kesesuaian maka dianjurkan dalam pembuatan teras agar faktor pembatas dapat ditangani.
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