Komparasi Penghasilan Perkebunan Tebu Antara Metode Lahan Penyewaan dan Lahan Mandiri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30737/jintan.v3i2.4721Keywords:
farm income comparison, sugarcane farmers, sugarcane plantation systemAbstract
The plantation subsector plays a significant role in Indonesia's agricultural sector, providing a considerable supply of raw materials for the processing industry. Sugarcane is one of the key commodities in this subsector. This study aims to: 1) Identify the income from sugarcane farming under a leasing system compared to direct ownership and 2) Determine the factors contributing to the income disparity between sugarcane farmers who use the leasing system and those under direct ownership. This research applied a quantitative descriptive method to provide an overview of sugarcane farming operations in both systems. From the study results, under the direct ownership system, although the initial costs were somewhat high, fertilizer and seeds were lower, leading to a lower total production cost of approximately IDR39,334,028.00. On the other hand, the seed and fertilizer costs were relatively high under the leasing system, resulting in a total production cost of IDR45,500,578.00. Even though the revenue from the leasing-based sugarcane farming was higher than that of direct ownership, the net income from direct ownership sugarcane farming was greater than the leasing system, creating an income difference of around IDR4,745,305.00 or an added value increase of 11.84% compared to the income of leasing-based sugarcane farmers. The t-test was used for comparative analysis, and it was found that t-calculated 0.594 < t-table 1.782, indicating no significant difference between the two systems, and both are equally profitable.
Subsektor perkebunan memegang peranan penting dalam bidang pertanian Indonesia, berkontribusi besar dalam pasokan bahan baku untuk industri pengolahan. Salah satu komoditi kunci dalam subsektor ini adalah tebu. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pendapatan dari usaha tani tebu dalam sistem penyewaan dibandingkan dengan kepemilikan langsung. Selanjutnya penelitian ini juga bisa mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap komparasi pengasilan petani tebu yang menggunakan lahan sewa dengan lahan kepemilikan pribadi. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode deskriptif kuantitatif untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang operasi usaha tani tebu dalam kedua sistem tersebut. Dari hasil studi, pada sistem kepemilikan langsung, meskipun biaya awal cukup tinggi, namun biaya untuk pupuk dan benih lebih rendah, sehingga total biaya produksi menjadi lebih rendah, yaitu sekitar Rp39.334.028,00. Sementara pada sistem sewa, biaya benih dan pupuk relatif tinggi, yang mengakibatkan total biaya produksi mencapai Rp45.500.578,00. Meski penerimaan dari usaha tani tebu berbasis sistem sewa lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sistem kepemilikan langsung, namun pendapatan bersih dari usaha tani tebu sistem kepemilikan langsung lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sistem sewa, menciptakan perbedaan pendapatan sekitar Rp4.745.305,00 atau peningkatan nilai tambah sebesar 11,84% dibandingkan dengan pendapatan petani tebu sistem sewa. Uji t digunakan untuk analisis komparatif, dan ditemukan bahwa t-hitung 0,594 < t-tabel 1,782, yang menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara kedua sistem, dan keduanya sama-sama menguntungkan.
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