Tingkat Penggunaan Pupuk Urea pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) dan Dampaknya terhadap Pertambahan Pendapatan Petani (Studi Kasus di Desa Brenggolo Kecamatan Plosoklaten Kabupaten Kediri)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30737/jintan.v6i1.7268Keywords:
Farmer income, Spearman correlation, Urea FertilizerAbstract
Fertilization plays a crucial role in determining rice crop productivity; however, excessive fertilizer use does not necessarily result in higher yields. This study aims to examine the relationship between urea fertilizer application and rice production among farmer groups in Kediri Regency. The objectives are: (1) to determine the amount of urea fertilizer applied by farmers during one planting season; (2) to identify the average yield per hectare; (3) to analyze the relationship between urea use and rice yield; and (4) to estimate changes in farmers’ income based on variations in fertilizer application. The research was conducted in Brenggolo Village, Plosoklaten Sub-district, focusing on the Bima Cakra Tani Farmer Group, which serves as a representative of local rice farmers. A total of 30 farmers were randomly selected from several farmer groups to represent the general conditions of fertilizer use and rice production. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s Rank Correlation to evaluate the association between the amount of urea fertilizer (Variable X) and rice yield (Variable Y). Results showed that urea application varied from 179 to 845 kg/ha, with an average of 508 kg/ha. Rice yields averaged 5,724 kg/ha, generating an income of approximately IDR10.662.064/ha at a price of IDR3.674/kg. Spearman’s test indicated a significant correlation between urea application and rice yield, where increases in fertilizer use were generally associated with higher yields, although excessive application tended to reduce productivity.
Pemupukan merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang memengaruhi produktivitas tanaman padi, namun penggunaan pupuk yang berlebihan tidak selalu sejalan dengan peningkatan hasil panen. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memahami hubungan antara jumlah pupuk urea yang digunakan dengan tingkat produksi padi pada kelompok tani di wilayah Kediri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengetahui jumlah pupuk urea yang digunakan petani padi dalam satu musim tanam; (2) mengetahui rata-rata jumlah produksi per hektar yang dihasilkan; (3) menganalisis hubungan antara jumlah pupuk urea yang digunakan dengan hasil produksi padi; serta (4) menghitung tambahan penerimaan dan pendapatan petani padi dalam satu musim tanam berdasarkan variasi jumlah pupuk urea yang diberikan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Brenggolo, Kecamatan Plosoklaten, Kabupaten Kediri, dengan fokus pada Kelompok Tani Bima Cakra Tani sebagai representasi petani padi di daerah tersebut. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 petani yang dipilih secara acak dari beberapa kelompok tani. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis deskriptif untuk mengetahui variasi penggunaan pupuk urea dan uji korelasi Rank Spearman untuk menguji keeratan hubungan antara jumlah pupuk urea (variabel X) dengan hasil produksi padi (variabel Y). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pupuk urea yang digunakan petani per hektar bervariasi antara 179 kg hingga 845 kg, dengan rata-rata 508 kg per hektar. Sebanyak 47% petani kelompok Bima Cakra Tani menggunakan urea rata-rata 508 kg/ha, sedangkan 53% lainnya menggunakan rata-rata 497 kg/ha. Produksi padi rata-rata yang diperoleh mencapai 5.724 kg/ha, dengan pendapatan sekitar Rp 10.662.064/ha pada tingkat harga Rp 3.674/kg gabah kering panen. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang nyata antara jumlah pupuk urea yang digunakan dan hasil produksi padi, yang dalam beberapa kasus menunjukkan pola peningkatan, namun juga dapat berbalik menurun pada dosis yang berlebih.
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