Analisis Ketergantungan Petani Padi Terhadap Tengkulak Dalam Sistem Pemasaran di Sentra Produksi Padi Kecamatan Pace
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30737/jintan.v4i2.5697Keywords:
Agricultural Policy, Dependency, Farmers, Marketing System, MiddlemenAbstract
In the current era, farmers in Indonesia, as an agricultural country, face significant challenges in post-harvest and marketing activities, often relying heavily on middlemen. This dependence is influenced by limited capital, transportation assistance, and kinship relationships. Farmers usually sell their crops to middlemen at lower prices, which affects their income and sustainability. This research aims to analyze the factors that cause the dependence of rice farmers in Pace District on middlemen in the marketing system. This research used a purposive sampling method in three villages in Pace District, involving 40 rice farmers and five key informants (middlemen). Data were analyzed using logistic regression and Spearman correlation to determine the influence of various factors on dependency and satisfaction levels. Logistic regression results show that limited capital and kinship relationships significantly influence farmers' dependence on middlemen. Spearman's correlation showed a weak and insignificant relationship between reasons for dependence and level of satisfaction. Policy interventions should focus on providing alternative capital and improving transportation and market access to reduce reliance on middlemen. Creating agricultural cooperatives and rural financial institutions can empower farmers, ensuring more equitable and sustainable relationships.
Di era sekarang, petani di Indonesia, sebagai negara agraris, menghadapi tantangan signifikan dalam kegiatan pascapanen dan pemasaran, sering kali sangat bergantung pada tengkulak. Ketergantungan ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti keterbatasan modal, bantuan transportasi, dan hubungan kekerabatan. Petani sering menjual hasil panen mereka kepada tengkulak dengan harga yang lebih rendah, yang mempengaruhi pendapatan dan keberlanjutan mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan ketergantungan petani padi di Kecamatan Pace terhadap tengkulak dalam sistem pemasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling di tiga desa di Kecamatan Pace, melibatkan 40 petani padi dan 5 informan kunci (tengkulak). Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik dan korelasi Spearman untuk menentukan pengaruh berbagai faktor terhadap ketergantungan dan tingkat kepuasan. Hasil regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa keterbatasan modal dan hubungan kekerabatan secara signifikan mempengaruhi ketergantungan petani pada tengkulak. Korelasi Spearman menunjukkan hubungan yang lemah dan tidak signifikan antara alasan ketergantungan dan tingkat kepuasan. Untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada tengkulak, intervensi kebijakan harus fokus pada penyediaan modal alternatif dan peningkatan akses transportasi dan pasar. Pembentukan koperasi pertanian dan lembaga keuangan pedesaan juga dapat memberdayakan petani, memastikan hubungan yang lebih adil dan berkelanjutan.
References
Agu, W., Musa, F. T., & Tanipu, F. (2023). Eksistensi Tengkulak dalam Menunjang Perekonomian Petani Jagung di Desa Juriya, Kecamatan Bilato, Kabupaten Gorontalo. Dynamics of Rural Society Journal, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.37905/drsj.v1i1.6
Barokah, U. (2020). Respon Berbagai Varietas Padi pada Lahan Organik dengan System of Rice Intensification ( SRI ) di Sragen. 4(2), 130–142.
Damanhuri, Muspita, D. U., & Setyohadi, D. P. S. (2017). Pengembangan Diversifikasi Usaha Tani Sebagai Penguatan Ekonomi di Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Tulungagung, dan Ponorogo. Jurnal Cakrawala, 11(1), 33–47.
Faizah, F. N., & Satriyati, E. (2018). HUBUNGAN PATRON KLIEN BLANDONG DENGAN MANDOR HUTAN THE RELATION BETWEEN BLANDONG CLIENT PATRON WITH FOREST FOREMAN. Dialektika Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi, 2(2), 49–58.
Fatimah. (2020). Pengaruh Limbah Kelapa Sawit Oleh PT. Plantindo Agro Subur Terhadap Pendapatan Petani Di Desa Pariok Kecamatan Candi Laras Utara Kabupaten Tapin. [Skripsi S1, Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin].
Fuad, iwan Z., Aenurofik, & Rosyid, A. (2015). Belenggu Tengkulak Atas Petani Pembudidaya Lele: Relasi Patron-Klien Budidaya Lele Di Wonotunggal Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Hukum Islam (JHI), 13(88), 88–98. https://doi.org/http://e-journal.stain pekalongan.ac.id/index.php/jhi
Hardinawati, L. U. (2017). Alasan Petani Muslim Menjual Hasil Panen Kepada Tengkulak di Desa Glagahagung, Kecamatan Purwoharjo, Kabupaten Banyuwangi. [Skripsi S1, Universitas Airlangga]. Repository Unair.
Idris, M. F., & Suarsana, I. N. (2022). Tengkulak dalam Sistem Ekonomi Petani Hortikultura Etnis Tengger Brang Wetan. 43–50. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/110.24843/SP.2022.v6.i01.p05
Imaniar, A., Brata, N. T., & Artikel, I. (2020). Relasi Patron-Klien di antara Tengkulak dan Petani Salak dengan Dampak Sosialnya di Banjarnegara. Solidarity: Journal Of Education, Society And Culture, 9(1), 837–847.
Megasari, lutfi apreliana. (2019). Ketergantungan Petani Terhadap Tengkulak Sebagai Patron Dalam Kegiatan Proses Produksi Pertanian (Studi di Desa Baye Kecamatan Kayen Kidul Kabupaten Kediri). [Skripsi S1, Universitas Airlangga]. Repository Unair.
Musyarofah. (2017). Preferensi Petani Dalam Penjualan Gabah Pasca Panen Di Desa Sumur Mati Kecamatan Sumberasih Kabupaten Probolinggo. [Skripsi S1, Universitas Jember]. Repository Unej.
Mwembe, A. M., Owuor, G., Langat, J., & Mshenga, P. (2021). Factors affecting market outlet choice of agroforestry based mango producers in Kwale and Kilifi counties, Kenya: The application of the Multivariate Probit model. Cogent Food and Agriculture, 7(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2021.1936367
Primadita, W. (2016). Hubungan Kerjasama Patron Klien Antara Juragan dengan Petani Cabai di Dusun Sumberbendo Desa Kucur Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Maalang. [Skripsi S1, Universitas Brawijaya]. Repository UB.
Qariska, H. Q. (2021). Ketergantungan Petani Padi Kepada Tengkulak Sebagai Patron-Klien Dalam Kegiatan Pertanian (Studi Kasus: Desa Alatengae, Kecamatan Bantimurung, Kabupaten Maros, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan). [Skripsi S1, Universitas Hasanuddin]. Repository Unhas.
Rachmawati, I. A., Sidhi, E. Y., & Andajani, W. (2021). Analisis Komparatif Biaya dan Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Sawah Antara Petani Anggota Kelompok Tani dan Non-Anggota Kelompok Tani (Studi Kasus Desa. Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional Mahasiswa Pertanian (JINTAN), 1(1), 61–72.
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif,dan RD. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Liya Agustina, Eko Yuliarsha Sidhi, Widi Artini, Nina Lisanty
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Permitted third party reuse is defined by the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). This permission allows users to copy and distribute the Article, provided this is not done for commercial purposes and further does not permit distribution of the Article if it is changed or edited in any way, and provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, and that the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- For open-access publishing, authors have the right to share their articles in the same ways permitted to third parties under the relevant user license, as well as certain scholarly usage rights.
