Aplikasi Pestisida Nabati untuk Pengendalian Hama pada Tanaman Bawang Merah dalam Sistem Pertanian Organik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30737/jatimas.v1i2.2096Keywords:
Organic agriculture, Shallot, Vegetable pesticidesAbstract
Vegetable pesticides are one of the agricultural inputs that are supportive of organic farming systems. Plants that have characteristics such as taste, smell, secondary metabolites can use as vegetable pesticides. Plants commonly used for vegetable pesticides include papaya, soursop, tobacco. The advantages of vegetable pesticides are cheap materials, simple processing, chemical-free, and environmentally friendly. The mortality rate of pests, diseases, and weeds by spraying botanical pesticides varies depending on the type of plant material, the life phase of the pest/disease/weed, and environmental conditions. This counseling and training activity, spearheaded by the Community Service Team of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kadiri University, collaborates with the local village government. This activity aims to socialize vegetable pesticides to control shallot pests in Ngumpul Village, Nganjuk Regency. The applications of organic farming systems using vegetable pesticides in the cultivation of shallots will increase yields and healthy products. Fulfilling the need for organic fertilizers and vegetable pesticides does not depend on the outside because the farmers are independent in producing them. In the future, vegetable pesticide products, in particular, can be a new opportunity to support the economy of farmers and society in general.
Pestisida nabati merupakan salah satu input pertanian yang sangat mendukung dalam sistem pertanian organik. Tumbuhan yang mempunyai ciri khas baik rasa, bau, senyawa metabolit sekunder dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembuatan pestisida nabati. Tumbuh-tumbuhan yang biasa digunakan untuk bahan pembuatan pestisida nabati, antara lain pepaya, sirsak, tembakau. Kelebihan pestisida nabati adalah bahan murah, sederhana pengolahannya, bebas bahan kimia dan ramah lingkungan. Tingkat kematian hama, penyakit maupun gulma dengan penyemprotan pestisida nabati bervariasi tergantung dari jenis bahan tumbuhan, fase hidup hama/penyakit/gulma maupun kondisi lingkungan. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan pestisida nabati ini diinisiasi oleh Tim Pengabdian Masyarakat Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Kadiri bekerjasama dengan Pemerintah Desa setempat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan mensosialisasikan pestisida nabati dari daun papaya untuk mengendalikan hama pada tanaman bawang merah di Desa Ngumpul, Kecamatan Bagor, Kabupaten Nganjuk. Penerapan sistem pertanian organik menggunakan pestisida nabati dalam budidaya tanaman bawang merah dapat meningkatkan hasil dan produk yang sehat. Pemenuhan kebutuhan pupuk organik maupun pestisida nabati tidak bergantung dari luar karena kemandirian petani dalam memproduksinya. Kedepannya produk pestisida nabati dapat menjadi peluang baru dalam menunjang perekonomian petani maupun masyarakat pada umumnya.
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